Orthotrichaceae

Diagnosis: Plants small to medium-sized, dark-green above, reddish-brown below, thickly matted with dense reddish tomentum. Primary stems creeping, with erect or ascending secondary stems or branches. Leaves imbricate, often spirally twisted around stems when dry, erect to erect-spreading, apices recurved when wet, linear-lanceolate, lingulate to oblong-ovate; margins entire, not bordered; costa strong, percurrent to excurrent; upper cells smooth, incrassate, rounded to rhomboidal, basal cells elongate-rhomboidal, incrassate and porose, occasionally with projecting end-walls. Setae erect, smooth; capsules usually exerted, elliptic to cylindrical, smooth or weakly furrowed; operculum short-rostrate; exostome teeth 16, densely horizontally striate on outer surface. Calyptra mitrate-campanulate, 4-6 lobed, smooth or papillose. Spores isosporous or anisosporous, papillose.